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Abstract
The rapid growth of urban populations has led to increased demands for sustainable and efficient urban development, driving the adoption of Internet of Things (IoT)-based systems in smart cities. This review paper provides a comprehensive overview of the current applications and benefits of IoT-based systems in smart cities, including smart infrastructure, smart services, and smart citizens. The paper also examines the key challenges and limitations of IoT-based systems in smart cities, such as technical, social and economic, and governance and policy challenges. Furthermore, the paper identifies future directions and opportunities for IoT-based systems in smart cities, including emerging technologies, new business models, and citizen-centric approaches. The findings of this review paper have significant implications for researchers, practitioners, and policymakers seeking to harness the potential of IoT-based systems to create sustainable, efficient, and livable cities. Keywords: Smart Cities, Sustainable Urban Development, IoT-Based Systems, Smart Citizens